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How a Wood Burning Stove Works

Wood burning stoves are an attractive addition to any home. However, they should be used only with properly seasoned logs.

Older stoves that did not use secondary combustion allowed air to get into the chimney and burn both above and below the fuel leading to the loss of energy and polluting.

Modern wood stoves employ superior combustion methods that separates the air supply into two phases. This results in higher heating efficiency with lower emissions.

Efficient Combustion

The efficiency of combustion in your wood stove is a measure of how efficiently your wood is transformed into heat. It is distinct from the efficiency of heating transfer, which is the amount of heat that gets from your stove to a room. A wood-burning stove with high combustion and heating transfer efficiencies will use less fuel and produce less waste, like carbon monoxide, ash, and steam.

Modern wood stoves have high combustion efficiency, thanks to their sophisticated design. They can maximize the burning and use less wood. They also emit very little emissions, especially stoves certified by the EPA that require a catalytic combustion combustor to clean exhaust gases as they exit the stove. These cleaner stoves are a great choice for homeowners who want to minimize their impact on the surroundings, while still enjoying the warmth and the comfort of a wood-burning stove.

A proper operation and maintenance routine will improve the efficiency of your stove. The most important factor is to ensure that the combustion process is controlled, which is accomplished by maintaining a proper fire in the stove by frequent additions of small pieces of wood at regular intervals. This will prevent the build-up of flammable Creosote within the chimney that could make the stove less efficient.

Another important factor in the effectiveness of a wood stove is using properly dried wood that is seasoned and has a moisture content below 20%. Dry and seasoned wood will not only provide more heat for the same fuel, but it will also create less air pollution and generate less smoke.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued guidelines to limit the amount of smoke and other pollutants that a new stove can emit within an hour. To comply with the EPA guidelines, the majority of modern wood stoves rely on secondary combustion or 913875.xyz catalytic combustor in order to regulate combustion and limit the amount of carbon dioxide they emit. If you're looking to purchase an wood-burning stove that is in compliance with EPA emission standards, search for one that has an EPA certification sticker. It should also have a smoke emission level below 4 grams per hr.

Catalytic Combustion

Catalytic wood stoves use a special honeycombed combustor 913875.Xyz made from ceramic coated with noble metals, such as platinum or palladium. The combustor works much like the car's catalyst does to clean your exhaust. The noble metals contained in the combustor react to chemicals and particulates in the smoke and break them into harmless end products like carbon dioxide and water.

This allows the stove to emit less carbon dioxide and burn cleaner than non-catalytic models, but without losing efficiency or heat output. The combustor operates most efficiently when the temperature of the gas in the flue is 1000degF or greater. The combustor cannot perform as efficiently if the fire is ignited in a low flame.

Burning foreign substances, such as paper logs, treated or painted wood, may damage the combustor. The burning of these materials may result in "masking" which protects the cells of the combustor with a substance, preventing it from performing effectively. Masking can be caused by closing the bypass damper too soon or by refueling using wet wood. If the combustor cells aren't regularly cleaned of creosote fly-ash and tar build up, plugging could occur, causing smoke spillage.

If properly operated and positioned, the combustor will provide years of reliable performance. It requires little maintenance, aside from getting rid of the soot off its surface after a prolonged burn and dusting it frequently with a soft, dry bristled brush.

The combustor comes with an bypass damper that can be opened to ignite the fire, and then closed when you're ready to reload your stove. Check the bypass damper for the "operate catalyst" indicator, which indicates when your combustor is operating within its ideal temperature range. The operating range of your combustor could be reduced if you open the bypass damper too soon. If you close the bypass too quickly, it could lower the temperature of the combustor's inlet and cause damage to it. If you're not sure how to operate the bypass damper, consult your stove's instruction manual or contact our customer service department for assistance.

Airflow Controls

The air flow controls in your wood stove are essential in ensuring that your fire burns safely and properly. The primary air systems are all in place to allow your fire to burn efficiently. Each one plays a different part in the combustion process.

The primary air control, located below or inside the door of your stove, controls quantity of air allowed into the firebox. More air means a faster-burning fire but it also increases the risk of creosote or chimney smokiness buildup. When lighting your wood stove, the main air control should ideally be opened wide and for a short period of time.

Once you've reached the desired temperature then you can slowly shut the primary air control until the desired heat is reached. It is important to ensure that no smoke is coming out of the stove or chimney as it is a sign of inefficient combustion.

Secondary airflow controls are utilized to feed oxygen into the stove's top, usually in the form air jets that are placed over your fire. This is the most important aspect of controlling your flame. Your fire will burn too fast and create excessive amounts of smoke without it.

Tertiary airflow is the last stage of the stove's airflow system. It is carried into the updraft area or chimney. This helps to create an effective draft inside the flue, which allows your stove to operate at its maximum efficiency.

It is essential to keep in mind that your wood stove was made and designed to be optimized specifically to burn firewood. Any other burning combustible won't burn as well in your wood stove, and may cause high levels of emissions and potentially chimney fires. Softwood is also suitable, but seasoned hardwood has to be dried for at least six months. Avoid using combustibles made from cardboard and paper, since they can produce toxic fumes and the build-up of creosote or ash inside your stove. It is also recommended to avoid placing wood or other combustibles over top of your fire in case this causes the fire to explode.

Safety

Wood-burning stoves are an affordable alternative to heating particularly if you reside in a region with frequent power outages. However, they can also be dangerous if used improperly. They can release harmful chemicals that can harm your health. They may also create a fire hazard and carbon monoxide poisoning. You can stay clear of these risks by taking a few simple precautions.

Use only clean, dry firewood in your stove. Do not make use of gasoline, kerosene, 913875.xyz charcoal starter fluid wrapping paper or other flammable materials to ignite or rekindle a flame. Never burn treated wood, painted wood or wet wood. Keep the flue wide open to let plenty of oxygen in. In small amounts, add wood and do not let the fire burn to ashes. If you are in a smoke-control zone, never make use of an indoor fire.

Make sure your chimney and stove are properly installed. A poorly installed wood stove could result in an explosion in the chimney that could release toxic gasses into your home. It is also essential to have the chimney swept and checked regularly. Check that the flue is not leaking, which can cause carbon monoxide poisoning.

It's a good idea keep your wood in a shed or a Tarp. This will help the wood to dry out and grow faster. You should also keep the firewood out of other sources of heat to minimize the chance of fire. It is recommended to place your stove on a non-flammable surface such as tiles on the floor.

You should supervise your children around the stove if you have any youngsters. They may try to touch the fire or play with the hot ash which can be hazardous. In addition, you should keep all flammable items at least three feet away from the stove. Consider installing a heat shield to protect surfaces and walls from damage. You should also encourage your family members to practice fire drills at home. This will make it easier to get out of your home in case of emergency. For 913875 more tips on keeping your home secure, check out our article on escape routes for fire in the event of a house fire.