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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects 40 million people in the United States. It's highly treatable, with numerous medications available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They're not addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most popular anxiety medication is selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs) which include citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These medications are also used to treat depression and alleviate symptoms of anxiety disorders like obsessive compulsive disorder. It could take up to one month for them to begin working.

These drugs work by boosting the levels of certain chemical messengers in the brain, including serotonin and norepinephrine. These drugs are usually the first choice for treating anxiety, though doctors may prescribe other forms of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants, such as duloxetine (Cymbalta), and venlafaxine (Effexor) are also used to treat anxiety. They are a bit different from SSRIs because they decrease norepinephrine but at a lower degree than SSRIs. These medicines take a long time to work and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as imipramine (Tofranil), are effective in treating some anxiety disorders, notably GAD. However their drowsiness as well as other adverse effects make them less well-known. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are another type of antidepressant used to combat anxiety. However, their strict dietary restrictions and the risk of toxicity limit their use.

Benzodiazepines are often used to treat anxiety and panic attacks in the short term, such as when waiting for SSRIs or SNRIs to kick in. These drugs can trigger tolerance, sedation and addiction as well as withdrawal reactions that include rebound depression, anxiety, and even delirium. Common benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is an essential part of any treatment for panic attacks and anxiety (anderson-torp.federatedjournals.com) for anxiety. It aids you in better understand your symptoms and their root causes. Many people find that both therapy and medication can help them manage their anxiety. Certain studies have demonstrated that cognitive behavioral therapy is just as effective as medications for anxiety. Speak to your doctor to find out what's right for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming effect, reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tense. They also relieve symptoms of bodily stress related to fear (like heart racing or trembling) and encourage sleep.

They work by binding inhibitory neurons, like GABA or gamma aminobutryic acid at receptors in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by increasing its inhibitory effects on other neurotransmitters while reducing the number of messages that are sent to the amygdala. which is the brain's region that detects threats and creates the sensation of fear.

These drugs can be used for short durations of time, such as when panic attacks occur or if you're experiencing severe anxiety. They can help ease symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes of taking them. Benzodiazepines are different from SSRIs don't stay in the body for long. They're fast-acting and can work in a matter of hours. This makes them suitable for situations where immediate relief is needed (such for instance, during an airplane ride or before giving a presentation in public).

They are addictive, which is why people are usually prescribed them for a maximum of 4 weeks at each time. After that they also become less effective.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines were so popular was that they worked and had minimal side effects when compared to their predecessors like barbiturates or meprobamate. They are safe and have a rapid onset, and can be used as anxiolytics to reduce anxiety. They can also be employed as sedatives, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants.

Benzos have been blamed for the negative attitudes toward anxiety that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s, including the trivialization of the disorder and the perception that benzodiazepine treatment leads to physical dependence. However they play an important role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, particularly when used in combination with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos may interact with other medications, causing unwanted side effects, such as drowsiness and confusion. It is recommended to inform your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription or herbal medication you currently use or plan to take. Go through the British National Formulary A to Z list of medication interactions to find out which medicines are safe to take with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can help ease anxiety and other mental health issues. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved a variety of antidepressants to treat other conditions as well, including eating disorders, certain kinds of pain, and bipolar disorder.

The majority of doctors prescribe SSRIs as the first line treatment for anxiety, however these medications might not be suitable for all people. If they aren't working doctors might look at the more traditional antidepressant, known as a tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressant. They include amitriptyline, nortriptyline as well as clomipramine. These antidepressants aren't as common but are still readily available. Your doctor may prescribe the antidepressant that sedates, Trazodone (Desyrel) at lower doses to treat anxiety or insomnia.

Nefazodone, also known as Ferdinand (Cymbalta) and duloxetine may also be beneficial. They're also available in generic forms. If they don't work, your doctor can try the sedating antidepressant mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics quetiapine and olanzapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat anxiety disorders. They reduce blood pressure and heart rate by blocking adrenaline. These drugs aren't commonly used to treat anxiety by themselves, but can be helpful when paired with psychological therapy.

Psychological therapy can help you to change negative thoughts and behaviors that can cause anxiety. It can help you to control your anxiety, and develop coping strategies. Based on the severity of your problem, exposure therapy or cognitive behavior therapy may be recommended. Cognitive behavioural therapy teaches you to overcome fears and thoughts that are harmful, and to overcome your aversion to situations which trigger anxiety. The process involves increasing the intensity of anxiety provoking situations until they can be managed. This can be done in a single session or in a small group. In both instances, the results will take time to manifest. A combination of medications and psychological therapy is the best treatment for anxiety depression option for some individuals. Some people discover that medications alone are sufficient to treat their symptoms. Discuss with your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medical Treatments

While antidepressants and benzodiazepines are the most commonly prescribed medications to treat anxiety, other drugs can help ease your symptoms as well. Antihistamines and beta blockers are often prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These medications correct an imbalance in your brain's chemical balance and can help alleviate symptoms by reducing or blocking the signals that can cause stress and fear. They're not a panacea. You'll need to do things to control anxiety, such as exercises relaxation techniques, relaxation techniques and psychological therapy.

Your doctor might initially prescribe one of the "first first" anxiety medications, which are SSRIs and SNRIs. These are the most effective drugs to treat anxiety without medication anxiety disorders, according to research studies. Common SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft), fluoxetine (Prozac), Citropram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications may have mild side effects, like insomnia or nausea, however they usually subside within 4-8 weeks. They aren't addictive and they do not increase the risk of suicidal ideas.

The benzodiazepines such as alprazolam diazepoxide and clonazepam (Valium) offer immediate relief from panic and anxiety attacks. However, they can cause side effects, such as drowsiness and dizziness. They can also trigger memory and coordination issues, and may even cause dependence. These drugs are less popular than the older barbiturates, but they are equally effective.

Antihistamines, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were initially created to treat allergies. However they also serve to ease anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks the histamine receptors in the brain, and can trigger the body to relax. It is not a controlled drug and therefore doesn't have the same addiction risks as benzodiazepines.

Another kind of medication that can help with anxiety is a class of medications known as anticonvulsants. They have been proven to reduce anxiety by inhibiting the production and release of serotonin and dopamine. They can be prescribed in conjunction with other medicines or as a short-term treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will examine your health history and symptoms to determine if these medications are right for you. They will also discuss the length of time you'll need these medications and any adverse effects that could occur. Anxiety medications are only available on prescription, which means you'll need to see a psychiatrist before you can get these medications.