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Our editors will evaluation what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. IBM - What is flash memory? Unlike previous kinds of information storage, flash memory is an EEPROM (electronically erasable programmable read-only memory) type of computer memory and thus doesn't require a power supply to retain the data. Flash Memory Wave Routine was invented in the early 1980s by Japanese engineer Masuoka Fujio, who was then working at the Toshiba Corporation and who was trying to find a expertise that might replace existing knowledge-storage media equivalent to magnetic tapes, floppy disks, and dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) chips. The title flash was coined by Ariizumi Shoji, a coworker of Masuoka, who stated the means of memory erasure, which may erase all the information on a complete chip at one time, was like a camera’s flash. Flash memory consists of a grid that has two transistors, the floating gate and the control gate, at each intersection, separated by an oxide layer that insulates the floating gate.

When the floating gate is linked to the control gate, the 2-transistor Memory Wave Routine cell has a worth of 1. To change the worth of the cell to 0, a voltage is applied to the control gate that pushes electrons via the oxide layer into the floating gate. Storing the electrons within the floating gate permits the flash memory to retain its data when power is turned off. A voltage is utilized to the cell to vary the value again to 1. Flash memory is configured such that massive sections of a chip, referred to as blocks, or even your complete chip could be erased at a time. Portable devices equivalent to digital cameras, smartphones, and MP3 gamers normally use flash memory. USB drives (additionally called thumb drives and flash drives) and memory cards use flash memory to store data. As its price became cheaper in the early 21st century, flash memory additionally began appearing as the arduous disk in laptop computer computer systems.

With such a vast and detailed comic ebook historical past, it’s hardly shocking that Marvel stuffs their movies with as many callbacks and Easter eggs as possible. The Marvel Cinematic Universe is unquestionably accessible to these without a shred of comedian knowledge, but the movies additionally reward observant viewers who have greater than a passing knowledge of Marvel lore. As certainly one of Marvel’s oldest and most popular heroes, Captain America has extra alternative than most characters for obscure references and delightful visual callbacks. With three films dedicated to Cap’s adventures within the MCU released to this point, it’s a very good time to look again at every film within the collection - The first Avenger, The Winter Soldier, and Memory Wave Civil Conflict - and the varied hidden particulars they comprise. Solely the most dedicated Cap fan would have noticed all of the next Easter eggs. In Civil Conflict, after giving his M.I.T. Tony Stark runs right into a lady who’s been waiting for him backstage.

The woman, who calls herself Miriam, accuses Tony of being responsible for her son’s demise, as he perished in Sokovia throughout Ultron’s attack. What you may not have realized is that this woman is played by Alfre Woodard, who additionally performs a way more distinguished position in Netflix’s Luke Cage as Mariah Dillard. Normally, actors are usually not allowed to play two completely different characters within the Marvel Cinematic Universe, so it’s strange that an exception was made in this case. Maybe Robert Downey Jr. was able to drag some strings, as the two actors go approach back, having shared the display screen in 1993’s Heart and Memory Wave Souls and 2003’s The Singing Detective. It’s no secret that Bucky Barnes (Sebastian Stan) seems in all three Captain America films, but what you could not have seen is that he has a repeated habit of falling in water. In reality, he does this in each Cap film and each time he does, it represents a significant change for him as a personality.