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Medications to Treat Anxiety

Therapy is the most effective method to manage anxiety, however sometimes, a short-term course of medication is required. Antidepressants and tranquilizers are two of the medications that can be used to combat anxiety.

SSRI antidepressants, such as citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and sertraline (Zoloft) enhance communication between nerve cells within the brain and can reduce anxiety. SNRIs, that target the chemicals norepinephrine and serotonin are also effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are the first line of medication doctors prescribe to treat anxiety disorders. They stop neurons in the brain from reabsorbing serotonin, a chemical which plays a vital function in the regulation of mood. The drugs take a while to work, but most people experience improvement within 4 to 6 weeks. SSRIs are not habit-forming and do not cause addiction, so they can be taken for extended durations of time.

Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. Examples of SNRIs include citalopram (Celexa) and the escitalopram (Lexapro), the fluoxetine (Prozac) and paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine (Tofranil) and Doxepine (Anxiety Disorder Stimulant) also treat depression and anxiety. Novel antidepressants such as mirtazapine (Remeron) are also used to treat anxiety disorders.

Doctors aren't sure how SSRIs or SNRIs function, but they are aware that they enhance the activity of certain chemical messengers called neurotransmitters within the brain. They stop the brain from absorbing chemicals and allow these chemicals to bind with receptors.

SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. They may also help with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder, however this is less frequent.

People with anxiety who do not respond to SSRIs might be prescribed an atypical antipsychotic drug. Examples include quetiapine (Abilify) and aripiprazole (Risperdal). These medications ease anxiety for people suffering from obsessive compulsive disorders. They are often given in conjunction with an antidepressant, and they are less likely of serious side effects compared to other antipsychotics.

Beta-blockers are also used to treat anxiety, and heart problems. Examples are propranolol (Inderal) and atenolol (Tenormin). They can reduce physical symptoms of anxiety in those suffering from social anxiety disorders. They can also assist in reducing anxiety before or after surgery, and for certain chronic pain conditions. Benzodiazepines, such as lorazepam or Ativan (Ativan) can be used when other medications don't work. The use of benzodiazepines can become addictive and habit-forming.

SNRIs

SNRIs are a type of antidepressant medication that is typically prescribed to treat anxiety. They function in a similar way to SSRIs but they also increase the amount of norepinephrine and serotonin. In turn, they are usually more effective at treating certain types of anxiety disorders, including social anxiety disorder and panic disorder. These medications work best drug to treat anxiety when combined with other treatments and therapy.

In contrast to benzodiazepines, SNRIs do not create dependence or addiction for the majority of people. However, some patients could experience withdrawal when discontinuing the medication after a long period of use. It is important to consult your physician prior to discontinuing any medication.

Serotonin and norepinephrine are neurotransmitters responsible for stress and mood responses. They play an important part in the fight or flight response that many sufferers of anxiety feel. SNRIs prevent nerve cells from rapidly mopping up these neurotransmitters by blocking the process of reuptake. They hold these chemicals in the body for longer and can boost mood, decrease anxiety, and even help with anxiety attacks.

Norepinephrine is also essential in anxiety due to its ability to activate the amygdala, a deep and primordial part of the brain that is associated with fear-related behavior. The SNRIs have been proven to reduce activity in this part of the brain, which could positively impact mood and anxiety and help to ease panic attacks.

Although these drugs are extremely beneficial but it is important to note that they can carry a risk of increased suicidal thoughts for some people. This is why they are often only prescribed in higher doses for a short time. In addition, these medications are able to interact with other medications and other substances. You should inform your doctor if you are taking any other prescriptions, or over-the prescription medicines. Also be sure to inform them of any existing conditions like heart issues and bleeding issues. Be aware that some patients experience adverse reactions to SNRIs like nausea and a dry mouth.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines, or benzos as they are commonly called are drugs that act quickly and reduce anxiety and anxiety related symptoms, including insomnia and muscle tension. They can be beneficial for sufferers of anxiety disorders, including panic disorder and social anxiety treatment without medication particularly if other treatments, such as SSRIs or psychotherapy (talk therapy) aren't working. They can also be helpful as a short-term solution, such as while you wait for an antidepressant begin working. The medications diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan) are the most popular benzos, however other benzos include clonazepam (Rivotril) and temazepam (Restoril) and flurazepam (Dalmane).

Because they're fast-acting drugs, they generally begin to work within 30 minutes. The meds To Treat anxiety don't last in the body very long, therefore they should be taken on a regular basis to reap the full benefits. Benzos shouldn't be used for long periods because they can lead to physical dependence and addiction. Benzos are not recommended for those with depression or other anxiety disorders because they may increase the risk of these problems.

People who take benzos for an extended period of time, without medical supervision and often without the guidance of a physician, may develop a condition known as sedative-use disorders, which can include withdrawal symptoms and addiction. This problem is rare in people who use benzos according to prescription. Instead, the misuse of benzos is typically a result of other factors like alcohol abuse or depression.

Tolerance to benzodiazepines can also develop when they are taken for a long period of time. Tolerance means that you require more medication in order to achieve the same effects. In some instances it can result in respiratory depression, coma, and death. It is important to take benzodiazepines according to the prescription, even on a long-term basis.

Other Medications

SSRIs and SNRIs are among the first drugs doctors will usually prescribe to treat anxiety. They affect serotonin which affects mood, sleep, appetite and appetite. They may take a long time to show results, up to 12 weeks, and have some side effects like insomnia or nausea. SSRIs are also used to treat mental disorders like depression, panic disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder. Antidepressants, unlike benzodiazepines do not cause physical dependence. However, they can cause withdrawal symptoms when abruptly stopped.

Sertraline (Zoloft), Prozac (Prozac) Prozac (Zoloft), and Celexa (Citalopram) are the three medications that fall under this class. They can be used alone or in conjunction with therapy. Antidepressants are prescribed by psychiatrists, psychologists or family physicians with special training in medication management.

Doctors can prescribe a class called monoamine-oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) as an antidepressant. These medications block the action of enzymes that break chemicals into smaller pieces, such as serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine. MAOIs can take up to three or four weeks to work but they're not as fast-acting as SSRIs.

Clonidine is another drug that can be used to treat anxiety. It is often used to treat anxiety however, it can also be used to lower blood pressure. Its effectiveness is limited by side effects such as hypotension and sedation. Doctors may prescribe antihistamines such as hydroxyzine to reduce symptoms of panic attacks and anxiety. Some patients might also notice a decrease in the effectiveness of benzodiazepines.

The treatment for anxiety is usually the combination of medication, psychotherapy and exercise. Working with a therapist that has a specialization in situational anxiety treatment disorders is the most effective method to treat anxiety. They can help you determine the root cause of anxiety and recommend ways to manage it without medication if necessary. Other treatment options for anxiety that aren't medications include eye movement desensitization and mindfulness meditation, reprocessing, and trauma-informed yoga. Talk with your therapist about which options are most suitable for you. Psychiatrists are trained to evaluate your medical history and symptoms and create a treatment plan that is suitable for you. They will consider your specific medical background and preferences when creating the plan and will make adjustments to it over time.