• 목록
• 답변
• 글쓰기
• 게시판 리스트 옵션
  • 수정
  • 삭제

Depression Treatment Advancements

Researchers are always working to improve treatment for depression. This special Research in Context feature will explore some of these breakthroughs in Treatment refractory depression for depression.

Psychotherapy can help ease depression symptoms by teaching a person how to handle negative feelings and thoughts. Talk therapy can be done in an environment of group or one-on-one, with a mental healthcare professional.

Precision mental healthcare

Precision refers to the ability to be more precise or precise in prevention, diagnosis and treatment strategies. For mental health, this includes various approaches ranging including psychotherapy and medications. A lot of these strategies focus on the symptoms of the disorder instead of the root cause. This can lead to treatments which only reduce symptoms, but not address the underlying causes of mental illness.

The precision of mental health is rapidly advancing. It's similar to the method used in other healthcare areas that include continuous monitoring of key indicators into the clinical practice (e.g. fever, ailment or blood pressure). It also includes combining multiple sources of data and applying machine learning to help doctors better understand a patient's individual needs and formulate more efficient treatment strategies.

One example of precision psychiatry is the use of EEG to determine brain activity and assist doctors determine whether a patient is able to engage in cognitive behavioral therapy. A new class of medications known as NMDA receptor inhibitors can alleviate depression symptoms by blocking the neurotransmitter, glutamate, from reaching specific brain cells. Another potential advance is the use of pharmacogenetic testing to determine interactions between genes and drugs and to avoid adverse side effects.

In addition, a lot of companies are looking into digital precision psychiatry, which uses objective digital technologies to monitor patients remotely and collect real-time data that aids in guiding the home treatment for depression they receive. For example, one company is leveraging artificial intelligence meds to treat depression track adherence and optimize dosages for their depression patients. These types of solutions are likely to significantly improve the accessibility and efficiency of mental health care and also increase the patients' adherence to treatment.

Digital precision psychiatry, in particular, can help people with mental illness overcome barriers to treatment, especially those who are working. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has partnered with organizations in Singapore to help facilitate the reintegration of workers recovering from depression back into their jobs. This will help them keep their jobs, which is essential to recovery from mental illness.

Medication

Many people who suffer from depression and treatment discover that medication can alleviate their symptoms, particularly if they're experiencing severe or disabling symptoms. Antidepressants help restore the balance of neurotransmitters within the brain, which are chemical messengers that regulate mood and emotions. Most antidepressants today focus on one of these neurotransmitters by increasing levels of serotonin. Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibition (SSRIs) such as Prozac and Zoloft boost the level serotonin chemical within the brain. SNRIs such as Cymbalta, Effexor and Cymbalta focus on both norepinephrine as well as dopamine. Monoamine oxidase inhibitions such as Wellbutrin focus on only dopamine and norepinephrine.

The majority of doctors prescribe antidepressants to combat depression as a primary treatment, as well as talk therapy. Some of these therapies include cognitive therapy that helps improve your mood and thoughts by educating specific skills or psychotherapy for interpersonal relationships that focuses on improving relationships. Other therapies such as electroconvulsive (ECT) therapy and transcranial magnet stimulation (TMS) have also been proven to be effective at treating depression.

However certain people don't respond to the initial medications prescribed by doctors. Up to a third of depressed patients don't receive any relief from their initial medication and a majority of people who begin taking antidepressants cease within three months. Recent research has enabled doctors to determine which medication is the most effective for a person by using blood or MRI testing to determine which receptors have been most affected by depression.

The quality of medication has improved in recent years with a wider range of options and higher doses to help minimize side effects. Newer antidepressants like esketamine, brexanolone and Nefazodone help to reduce depression symptoms.

Other medications are undergoing clinical trials that could change the method of their use. A drug known as Vorapaxar is being tested on humans. It targets a distinct area of the brain associated with depression, by blocking NMDA-receptors. It's expected to be available by 2024. Another medication that has demonstrated potential is a combination ketamine and bupropion, which could be more effective in treating depression that is resistant to treatment.

Psychotherapy

Researchers in psychiatry have been able to identify certain factors that cause depression, including imbalances in the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin. These chemicals play a vital function in regulating mood, emotions and brain function in general. Medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are the main treatment options. They can help alleviate a variety of symptoms of depression, including depression, fatigue and sleep issues. However, they can have adverse effects that can make them unsuitable for some people.

Psychotherapy can address the root causes of depression and help people manage depression. Different types of therapy have been proven to reduce symptoms, including cognitive behavior therapy and the ketamine infusion therapy. Psychotherapy can also help patients develop a more effective coping strategy and help them manage stressors. However access to psychotherapy could be restricted by costs or scheduling restrictions, as well as the lack of mental health providers. Telehealth services have made it easier for many people.

Finding the right treatment mix is key to overcoming depression. It can take up to 12 weeks to determine whether your medication is effective. A single dose of medication may not be enough to alleviate all your symptoms. There are a variety of nonpharmacologic treatments options, including repetitive transcranial magnet stimulation and vagus nerve stimulation. These therapies use electromagnetic fields to improve mood and increase the brain's chemical.

It's important to work closely together with your doctor, regardless of whether you're considering taking medication or therapy. Discuss your thoughts and feelings about the potential risks and adverse effects that come with each choice. If you have a hard getting a good rapport with your doctor or therapist Find the right person to meet your requirements. You can also select a provider who offers the opportunity to test their services for no cost. This allows you to test different strategies before you commit. Eventually, you'll find the treatment that is most effective for you and helps you feel and look your best.

Brain stimulation

In just a few years scientists have found new ways to target specific brain regions and alter their function rapidly. These techniques can be utilized to treat physical ailments as well as some mental disorders.

rTMS is a technique that employs electromagnetic pulses to stimulate brain activity. It's similar to magnetic impulses used in MRI however it's not powerful enough to trigger seizures. The method works by stimulating a specific region of the brain using a non-painful magnet. The pulses change the way your brain communicates and allow you to feel better. The treatment can last just 3.5 minutes and doesn't interfere with your daily activities. It is possible to experience a mild headache following the treatment.

Another option is to implant electrodes in the brain to send painless electric zaps. Deep transcranial stimulation (deep-TMS) is an option that has been used to treat OCD and quit smoking. It's still being researched for depression, but preliminary studies suggest it may reduce depression symptoms in certain people. It's not known what the effect of this treatment is, but it appears to alter the balance of certain neurotransmitters.

Other noninvasive brain stimulation techniques are also getting better. In a recent study, patients suffering from severe depression and intolerance to antidepressants reacted well to a treatment using magnetics known as SAINT. It's personalized to the specific anatomy of each patient's brain and relies on high-dose patterns of magnetic pulses. The treatment can be administered within a couple of hours, while previous treatments required daily sessions for months or weeks.

Researchers used FMRI to identify the precise region of the brain being stimulated in every patient. They also analyzed minute variations in the way that brain's different regions activated, which allowed them to discern the direction of signals. They found that in people who suffer from depression, the brain's anterior cingulate cortex was sending signals to an area known as the subgenual cingulate cortex. These messages were often not directed correctly. The more severe depression the more signals were sent in the wrong direction.