• 목록
• 답변
• 글쓰기
• 게시판 리스트 옵션
  • 수정
  • 삭제

What is Free Evolution?

Free evolution is the concept that natural processes can cause organisms to develop over time. This includes the evolution of new species and the alteration of the appearance of existing species.

Many examples have been given of this, such as different varieties of stickleback fish that can live in either fresh or salt water and walking stick insect varieties that favor specific host plants. These reversible traits cannot explain fundamental changes to the body's basic plans.

Evolution through Natural Selection

The evolution of the myriad living creatures on Earth is a mystery that has fascinated scientists for decades. The most well-known explanation is that of Charles Darwin's natural selection process, which occurs when individuals that are better adapted survive and reproduce more effectively than those less well adapted. Over time, a community of well-adapted individuals expands and eventually forms a whole new species.

Natural selection is a process that is cyclical and involves the interaction of three factors that are: reproduction, variation and inheritance. Sexual reproduction and mutation increase genetic diversity in the species. Inheritance refers the transmission of a person’s genetic characteristics, 에볼루션 바카라 사이트 which includes recessive and dominant genes, to their offspring. Reproduction is the process of creating viable, fertile offspring. This can be achieved by both asexual or sexual methods.

Natural selection only occurs when all of these factors are in equilibrium. If, for instance the dominant gene allele causes an organism reproduce and last longer than the recessive gene then the dominant allele becomes more prevalent in a group. But if the allele confers a disadvantage in survival or reduces fertility, it will disappear from the population. The process is self-reinforcing which means that an organism that has an adaptive characteristic will live and reproduce far more effectively than those with a maladaptive feature. The more offspring an organism produces the better its fitness that is determined by its ability to reproduce itself and live. People with good characteristics, such as a long neck in the giraffe, or bright white color patterns on male peacocks, are more likely than others to survive and reproduce, which will eventually lead to them becoming the majority.

Natural selection is only a force for populations, not on individual organisms. This is a crucial distinction from the Lamarckian evolution theory which holds that animals acquire traits through usage or inaction. If a giraffe expands its neck in order to catch prey, and the neck becomes longer, 에볼루션 무료체험 바카라 에볼루션 카지노 사이트 (Click To See More) then its offspring will inherit this trait. The difference in neck size between generations will continue to increase until the giraffe becomes unable to breed with other giraffes.

Evolution by Genetic Drift

Genetic drift occurs when alleles from one gene are distributed randomly within a population. In the end, only one will be fixed (become widespread enough to not more be eliminated through natural selection) and the rest of the alleles will drop in frequency. This could lead to dominance in the extreme. The other alleles are essentially eliminated, and heterozygosity falls to zero. In a small population this could result in the total elimination of recessive allele. This is known as the bottleneck effect and is typical of an evolutionary process that occurs when the number of individuals migrate to form a population.

A phenotypic bottleneck may occur when survivors of a catastrophe like an epidemic or a mass hunting event, are concentrated in a limited area. The survivors will share a dominant allele and thus will share the same phenotype. This situation could be caused by war, earthquakes or even a plague. The genetically distinct population, if it remains, could be susceptible to genetic drift.

Walsh Lewens, Walsh, and Ariew define drift as a departure from the expected values due to differences in fitness. They give the famous example of twins who are genetically identical and have exactly the same phenotype. However one is struck by lightning and dies, but the other is able to reproduce.

This kind of drift can be crucial in the evolution of the species. It is not the only method of evolution. The primary alternative is a process called natural selection, in which the phenotypic diversity of an individual is maintained through mutation and migration.

Stephens asserts that there is a huge distinction between treating drift as an agent or cause and treating other causes such as selection mutation and migration as forces and causes. Stephens claims that a causal process explanation of drift permits us to differentiate it from the other forces, and this distinction is crucial. He argues further that drift has both direction, 에볼루션 사이트 (Www.Meetme.Com) i.e., it tends to eliminate heterozygosity. It also has a size, which is determined based on the size of the population.

Evolution through Lamarckism

When high school students study biology, 에볼루션 바카라 사이트 they are often introduced to the work of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744 - 1829). His theory of evolution, also called "Lamarckism, states that simple organisms develop into more complex organisms through adopting traits that result from the use and abuse of an organism. Lamarckism can be illustrated by an giraffe's neck stretching to reach higher leaves in the trees. This causes giraffes' longer necks to be passed on to their offspring who would grow taller.

Lamarck Lamarck, a French zoologist, presented an idea that was revolutionary in his 17 May 1802 opening lecture at the Museum of Natural History of Paris. He challenged previous thinking on organic transformation. According Lamarck, living organisms evolved from inanimate material through a series of gradual steps. Lamarck was not the first to make this claim however he was widely regarded as the first to give the subject a thorough and general explanation.

The dominant story is that Charles Darwin's theory on evolution by natural selection and Lamarckism were rivals in the 19th century. Darwinism ultimately won and led to what biologists call the Modern Synthesis. The Modern Synthesis theory denies that traits acquired through evolution can be acquired through inheritance and instead argues that organisms evolve through the selective action of environmental factors, such as natural selection.

Lamarck and his contemporaries endorsed the idea that acquired characters could be passed on to the next generation. However, this notion was never a central part of any of their evolutionary theories. This is largely due to the fact that it was never validated scientifically.

It's been over 200 year since Lamarck's birth and in the field of age genomics, there is a growing evidence base that supports the heritability of acquired traits. This is sometimes referred to as "neo-Lamarckism" or more frequently epigenetic inheritance. This is a variant that is as valid as the popular neodarwinian model.

Evolution through Adaptation

One of the most widespread misconceptions about evolution is that it is driven by a sort of struggle to survive. This notion is not true and ignores other forces driving evolution. The fight for survival can be more precisely described as a fight to survive within a specific environment, which could involve not only other organisms, but also the physical environment.

To understand how evolution functions it is beneficial to think about what adaptation is. The term "adaptation" refers to any characteristic that allows living organisms to live in its environment and reproduce. It can be a physical structure like fur or feathers. Or it can be a behavior trait that allows you to move into the shade during hot weather or coming out to avoid the cold at night.

The ability of an organism to extract energy from its environment and interact with other organisms and their physical environment, is crucial to its survival. The organism must possess the right genes to create offspring, and it should be able to access enough food and other resources. The organism should also be able reproduce itself at an amount that is appropriate for its niche.

These factors, together with gene flow and mutation can result in changes in the ratio of alleles (different forms of a gene) in the population's gene pool. As time passes, this shift in allele frequencies can lead to the emergence of new traits and eventually new species.

A lot of the traits we admire in animals and plants are adaptations, such as lung or gills for removing oxygen from the air, fur or feathers to protect themselves and long legs for running away from predators, and camouflage for hiding. However, a thorough understanding of adaptation requires a keen eye to the distinction between the physiological and behavioral characteristics.

Physiological adaptations, such as the thick fur or gills are physical characteristics, whereas behavioral adaptations, like the desire to find companions or to move to the shade during hot weather, are not. Additionally it is important to remember that a lack of forethought does not make something an adaptation. A failure to consider the consequences of a decision even if it appears to be rational, could make it unadaptive.