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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

Machine espresso uses precision pressure and mind-blowing filter technology to make the perfect cup of coffee. How does it work exactly?

In order to make espresso hot water is forced under high pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to making drip coffee however the main difference lies in the pressure.

The Group Head

The name implies, the group head is the place you insert your portafilter when brewing espresso. It disperses water into the portafilter and regulates the pressure of the extraction. There are numerous kinds of group heads each with distinct advantages and drawbacks. Some focus on temperature stability, while others on pre-infusion features, and others are designed to control the lever. Some include a combination like the E61. This is a very popular choice for baristas because it offers multiple benefits in one package.

As you can see in the image above the group head is made up of numerous notches that you can place your portafilter and twist it by hand to lock it in. A gasket of rubber is situated inside the notches, which helps create a seal while you insert your portafilter. The notches on the head permit an exact placement of the portafilter, which is essential to ensure a consistent extraction.

The group head not only allows the portafilter to be inserted easily however, it also keeps a constant temperature. It does this by cycling hot water through the brew container and around the portafilter, making sure that it's always at the right temperature for extraction. This is crucial, since even a few degrees can mean the difference between excellent and great espresso.

The Pump

The motorized pumps in espresso machines rotary provide nine atmospheric bar pressure that is required for espresso extraction. This differs from manual piston machines which use levers. The pressure builds up by drawing tap water from a reservoir and pumping it through a heat exchanger before it is shot through the ground coffee in the group head.

Pumps tend to be less expensive than piston-driven models, and they tend to last longer, but both types of machines could be damaged by excessive use and inadequate cleaning. Pumps are also more complicated mechanically, and can add to the cost of even the most basic models.

Some espresso machines use steam pressure instead of a pump in order to brew espresso. The downside is that the same boiler that produces steam also raises the temperature of the water to the point of boiling and can result in over-extraction. In addition these machines typically have to rebuild their pressure between cups, which requires time and energy.

A majority of espresso machines use an rotary or vibrating pump, with a vibrating model using a rotating disc to generate the pressure, and a rotary model pushing hot water through the grounds at high speed. Both machines can produce excellent espresso however rotary machines tend to be more stable, quieter and less likely to fail.

The Boiler

The boiler is the element which heats the water to the optimal temperature to extract. The resultant steam then reaches the portafilter containing the ground espresso and is then pumped into the cup. The steam creates enough pressure to push the grounds of the coffee through. This results in a layer crema on top. This is one of the main characteristics of a good espresso.

There are three distinct types of espresso machines, each with distinct pumps and Machine Espresso the temperature of the brew. There are various ways that the brew can be controlled, as well as the size of the cup the machine can produce.

The first espresso coffee machines machines were steam-type. The earliest espresso machines were steam-type machines. This led to the coffee tasting burnt and bitter. This is why the Milanese makers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni created the modern espresso machine.

The most well-known espresso maker is a semi-automatic machine that has an electric pump. These are the things people think of when they think of an espresso maker. Semi-automatic machines require you to grind and tamp the beans on your own while the pump controls the flow of water and pressure. This is a perfect combination of human control and mechanised accuracy.

The Filter

Espresso machines typically use a filter that separates the grounds of coffee from hot water. The filter is also a vital element of the machine's temperature control, as it helps prevent overheating.

It also helps with flavor, since a filter allows for a longer bloom phase. This helps the beans release their nuances and gives an opportunity to improve extraction.

It is important to remember that even the best filter could result in a poor cup of coffee. The quality of the beans, and the extraction process are still very important.

It's in this area that the magic happens. This is the reason why espresso tastes so delicious. The grouphead, sometimes referred to as the brew head, is the place where the portafilter (the device you put the coffee ground into) is placed when you're making espresso.

In a steam-driven espresso coffee makers machine, hot water is heated in an airtight container to create steam. Steam then pushes the hot water through the grounds with high pressure. These types of machines espresso machines tend to be less expensive and easier to maintain than pump-driven models. They are however limited to create the perfect brewing conditions as they only operate with 1-1.5 bar of pressure. The perfect shot requires 9-10 bars.

In recent years, compressed-air-pump-driven espresso machines have been gaining popularity. They use an air compressor to force the hot water through the grounds and are more portable than electric steam-driven machines.